Why Belgium intervened in SA's genocide case against Israel
President Donoghue (2nd R) and other judges at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) prior to the hearing of the genocide case against Israel brought by South Africa.
Image: REMKO DE WAAL / ANP MAG / ANP via AFP
BELGIUM’S declaration to intervene in South Africa’s International Court of Justice (ICJ) case accusing Israel of committing genocide in the Gaza Strip only seeks to clarify the interpretation of international law in the context of the matter.
The UN's highest court, based in The Hague, recently confirmed in a statement that Brussels had filed a declaration of intervention.
Belgium's intervention does not mean it fully supports South Africa's accusations, nor that it defends Israel, but that it intends to clarify its interpretation of international law in the context of the case.
Belgium was among a string of countries to recognise the State of Palestine in September, a status acknowledged by nearly 80 percent of UN members, though Belgium said it would not formally take the step until Hamas has been excluded from Palestinian leadership.
Belgium joins several countries including Brazil, Colombia, Ireland, Mexico, Spain and Turkey that have already joined the case.
In December 2023, South Africa brought a case to the United Nations' highest court in The Hague, alleging Israel's Gaza offensive breached the 1948 UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
Israel denies the accusation.
In rulings in January, March and May 2024, the ICJ told Israel to do everything possible to prevent acts of genocide in Gaza, including by providing urgently needed humanitarian aid to prevent famine.
These orders are legally binding, but the court has no concrete means to enforce them.
Israel has criticised the proceedings and rejected the accusations.
Hamas's October 7, 2023 attack resulted in the deaths of 1,221 people on the Israeli side, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally based on official Israeli figures.
The Israeli military's retaliatory campaign has since killed 70,369 Palestinians, also mostly civilians, according to Gaza's health ministry, whose figures are considered reliable by the UN. The campaign has also displaced the majority of the 2.2 million people in the Palestinian territory.