The price of racism: What are the legal consequences of using the k-word in South Africa?

As South Africans demand the removal of Minister of Sports, Arts and Culture Gayton McKenzie following his use of the K-word in a recent live video and previous social media posts, we delve into the legal implications surrounding this term.

In 2025, the use of the 'k-word' in South Africa continues to be a deeply offensive and unlawful act (rightfully so), carrying severe legal repercussions.

As we have seen in previous cases, South African courts and human rights bodies have affirmed that this slur is an embodiment of racial supremacy and hatred, irrespective of context or the race of the perpetrator.

What does the law say about the k-word?

South Africa's Constitution, adopted in 1996, enshrines fundamental rights, including the right to equality and dignity, and explicitly prohibits unfair discrimination, particularly on the basis of race.

Key legislative instruments, such as the Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act 4 of 2000 (PEPUDA) and the Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 (EEA), are designed to tackle unfair discrimination, hate speech, and racial slurs in both public and workplace settings.

The "k-word" is widely recognised as inherently racist and unequivocally unlawful.

Its usage is viewed as a deliberate act of inflicting harm, impairing dignity, and causing humiliation to Black South Africans.

It's also worth noting that the Supreme Court of Appeal has defined "hate speech" as advocating hatred based on race, ethnicity, gender, religion, or sexual orientation that constitutes incitement to cause harm.

Cases and their consequences

Vicki Momberg

In a case that made headlines in South Africa and abroad, Vicki Momberg was found guilty of four counts of crimen injuria after racially abusing Black police officers following a smash-and-grab incident, during which she used the "k-word" no fewer than 48 times.

She became the first South African to receive a prison sentence for a racial utterance, sentenced to three years in prison, with one year suspended.

The Equality Court had previously ordered her to pay R100,000 in damages, perform 100 hours of community service, and attend sensitivity training, along with issuing an unconditional apology. However, Momberg reportedly failed to comply with these orders, leading to contempt of court proceedings.

Adam Catzavelos

In another widely publicised case, Adam Catzavelos faced public outrage and legal action after recording a video on a beach in Greece, celebrating the absence of Black people and using the "k-word".

He received a R50,000 fine or two years prison term, wholly suspended for five years, for his crimen injuria conviction.

In addition to that, he was fined R15,000 by the South African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC) and ordered to publicly apologise and perform community service. His family business also dismissed him.

Peter-Paul Ngwenya

In a notable case concerning "Black-on-Black" use, Peter-Paul Ngwenya was charged for allegedly using the "k-word" in a text message to his former business partner, Fani Titi.

Despite arguments that the word has a different meaning when used by Black people among themselves, the magistrate confirmed that the "k-word" is always hate speech, regardless of the perpetrator's race, and is not part of Black South African culture.

Ngwenya was found guilty of crimen injuria and received a fine of R24,000 or twelve months in prison, wholly suspended for three years.

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